1. A reciprocal relationship exists between accurate, rapid, and expressive oral reading and reading comprehension in which of the following developmental processes?
A. Language acquisition
B. Fluency Correct
C. Vocabulary knowledge
D. Decoding
Explanation
Fluency involves accurate, rapid, and expressive oral reading, which directly supports comprehension by allowing readers to focus on meaning rather than decoding. This reciprocal relationship enhances both skills.
2. Which of the following best exemplifies morphology as it relates to literacy development?
A. A reader recognizes that '-ed' can be added to the end of the verb 'need' and knows it does not change the word's meaning or part of speech.
B. A reader recognizes the word 'mail' and uses the common pattern of letters to correctly decode the unfamiliar word 'nail.'
C. A reader identifies words like 'stable' with an ending pattern of consonant plus '-le' and is able to break the word into the component parts 'sta' and 'ble.' Correct
D. A reader identifies the ending sound of the word 'wish' and uses this knowledge to correctly read and pronounce the word 'ship.'
Explanation
Morphology involves understanding word structure, such as roots and affixes. Recognizing and breaking 'stable' into 'sta' and 'ble' demonstrates morphological analysis of syllable patterns.
3. Which of the following pairs of words contains identical rimes?
A. Slip and slide
B. Mime and slime Correct
C. Hear and here
D. Spring and playing
Explanation
Rimes are the vowel and following consonants in a syllable. 'Mime' and 'slime' share the rime '-ime' (vowel /ai/ plus /m/), making them identical.
4. Which THREE of the following words are best to use in a lesson on using roots and affixes to determine meaning?
A. Family
B. Review Correct
C. Careful Correct
D. Endanger Correct
E. Because
Explanation
Review,' 'careful,' and 'endanger' contain prefixes ('re-,' 'en-') and roots ('view,' 'care,' 'danger') that help students deduce meaning through word parts. 'Family' and 'because' lack clear affixes for this purpose.
5. Which of the following strategies best helps a teacher to evaluate a student's prosody while reading?
A. Measuring the student's reading speed with a stopwatch
B. Using a rubric to assess the student's phrasing and expression while reading aloud Correct
C. Using a diagnostic tool to determine the student's reading level
D. Counting the number of miscues that the student makes while reading
Explanation
Prosody involves phrasing, expression, and intonation. A rubric assessing these elements during oral reading directly evaluates prosody.