1. In order to provide sufficient evidence, the student needs to cite a source in which of the following sentences?
A. Sentence 2
B. Sentence 3 Correct
C. Sentence 4
D. Sentence 5
Explanation
Sentence 3 requires a citation because it likely presents a claim or fact that needs external evidence to be credible, unlike the other sentences which may be opinions or general statements.
2. Students in a class are reading a short story in which the majority of the plot focuses on conflicts and events leading up to the turning point. After the turning point, the conflicts are quickly resolved and the story is concluded. Which of the following is the most appropriate model of the plot structure for the teacher to use in a class discussion?
A. First diagram: flat line with a single peak
B. Second diagram: flat line with a steep rise and fall
C. Third diagram: flat line with a gradual rise to a peak and quick drop Correct
D. Fourth diagram: flat line with multiple peaks
Explanation
The third diagram (gradual rise to a peak and quick drop) matches the described plot structure, with extended conflict buildup and rapid resolution after the climax.
3. Which of the following logical fallacies is most apparent in the excerpt above?
A. Ad hominem
B. Circular argument
C. Slippery slope Correct
D. Hasty generalization
Explanation
A slippery slope fallacy assumes one action will inevitably lead to extreme consequences, which fits the excerpt's likely exaggerated causal chain.
4. Which of the following statements best exemplifies the use of sound reasoning?
A. Since ocean temperature in the summer is usually 75 degrees, the water will be about 75 degrees when we go to the beach this summer.
B. Since every child I babysit likes to play with blocks, all children must like playing with blocks.
C. Since John and Dane are on the track team together, both must also be good sprinters.
D. Since salamanders are amphibians and all amphibians are cold-blooded, salamanders are cold-blooded. Correct
Explanation
The statement about salamanders uses deductive reasoning: a general fact (all amphibians are cold-blooded) applies to a specific case (salamanders), making it sound. Other options rely on assumptions or overgeneralizations.
5. The speaker tries to convince others to support his point of view by
A. making a logical argument
B. presenting himself as an authority
C. appealing to the fear of the audience
D. projecting a connection with the audience Correct
Explanation
Projecting a connection with the audience builds trust and relatability, persuading through shared values or experiences, as indicated by the context.