ACCUPLACER Next Generation Reading Version 12 Questions

Explanation

<h2>After sentence 14</h2> The sentence about the 1992 Constitution making Guarani equal to Spanish fits best after sentence 14, as it highlights key developments in the promotion of Guarani within the context of Paraguay's historical and educational landscape. Placing it here emphasizes the transition into the democratic era and the ongoing efforts to strengthen Guarani, aligning well with the preceding content. <b>A) After sentence 1</b> Placing the sentence after sentence 1 would disrupt the flow, as this initial sentence introduces Paraguay's unique linguistic situation without delving into constitutional changes. This positioning fails to connect the historical context with the significant reforms that followed, which are better suited later in the passage. <b>B) After sentence 6</b> Sentence 6 discusses the colonial context and the survival of Guarani, making it an inappropriate placement for the information about the 1992 Constitution. The focus is on historical factors rather than legislative changes, which are more relevant to the later discussion on Guarani's status and educational initiatives. <b>C) After sentence 10</b> Although sentence 10 begins to touch upon the political context under General Stroessner, placing the new sentence here would prematurely introduce the constitutional reforms. It would be more effective to position it after the conclusion of Stroessner's rule to highlight the advancements made in the post-dictatorship era, which is critical for understanding the evolving status of Guarani. <b>D) After sentence 14</b> This position effectively follows the discussion of the transition to democratic rule and the ongoing efforts to promote Guarani. It allows for a natural progression into the specifics of how Guarani's status was formalized and efforts to expand its instruction in schools, making it the most logical placement. <b>Conclusion</b> The placement of the sentence about the 1992 Constitution after sentence 14 provides a coherent transition into the discussion of Guarani's institutional support and educational initiatives. This positioning reflects the broader historical narrative of Guarani's evolution from colonial times through dictatorship to a renewed emphasis in a democratic society, highlighting its significance in contemporary Paraguay.

Explanation

<h2>After democratic rule was established in the 1990s, more steps were taken to strengthen Guarani.</h2> This revision effectively combines the two sentences while maintaining clarity and chronological order, emphasizing the cause-and-effect relationship between the establishment of democratic rule and the subsequent efforts to strengthen Guarani. <b>A) Democratic rule was established in the 1990s, more steps were taken, and Guarani was strengthened</b> This option lacks a clear conjunction or transition that connects the establishment of democratic rule to the actions taken regarding Guarani. It also introduces ambiguity by suggesting a simultaneous action rather than a sequential one, which could mislead readers about the relationship between these events. <b>B) Democratic rule was established in the 1990s, and they took more steps to strengthen Guarani</b> While this choice connects the two ideas, the use of "they" is vague and can confuse the reader regarding who is taking the steps to strengthen Guarani. This lack of specificity detracts from the clarity of the statement and does not emphasize the timing of the actions. <b>C) In the 1990s, more steps were taken to strengthen Guarani because democratic rule was established</b> This formulation implies a causal relationship but incorrectly suggests that the establishment of democracy was the only reason for the actions taken. It oversimplifies the motivation behind strengthening Guarani and does not accurately reflect the chronological sequence of events. <b>Conclusion</b> The best revision clearly articulates the relationship between the establishment of democratic rule and the subsequent actions taken to bolster Guarani. Option D accurately reflects the timeline and causal link, providing a coherent understanding of how democratic governance influenced language policy in Paraguay. This clarity is critical for comprehending the historical context and implications for Guarani's future.

Explanation

<h2>General Stroessner, the son of a Bavarian immigrant father and Guarani-speaking mother, made it an official language and rewarded rural Guarani speakers with land for their loyalty.</h2> This version maintains clarity and proper punctuation, ensuring the relationship between the phrases is easily understood without unnecessary pauses or confusion. The use of commas is appropriate in this context, enhancing the readability of the sentence. <b>A) (As it is now)</b> This choice correctly employs commas to separate descriptive clauses, ensuring clarity. The structure allows readers to easily comprehend the relationship between General Stroessner's parentage and his actions regarding the Guarani language. <b>B) Bavarian, immigrant father, and Guarani-speaking mother, made it an official language, and rewarded rural Guarani speakers with land</b> This option introduces unnecessary commas that disrupt the flow of the sentence. The comma before "and Guarani-speaking mother" incorrectly suggests a pause that separates essential elements of the subject, leading to confusion about the father's identity and the mother's relation. <b>C) Bavarian immigrant father, and Guarani-speaking mother, made it an official language and rewarded rural Guarani speakers with land</b> Similar to option B, this choice incorrectly adds a comma before "and Guarani-speaking mother." This break implies a separation that is not warranted, as both descriptors work together as a compound subject, causing a misunderstanding of the relationship. <b>D) Bavarian, immigrant father and Guarani-speaking mother, made it an official language, and rewarded rural Guarani speakers with land</b> This option also misplaces commas, introducing a pause that separates "father" and "and Guarani-speaking mother." This disrupts the intended compound subject and creates ambiguity in interpreting the roles of the parents. <b>Conclusion</b> The original phrasing effectively conveys the intended meaning with appropriate punctuation. The other options introduce unnecessary commas that confuse the subject structure and dilute the clarity of the sentence. Maintaining the integrity of the original version ensures that the information about General Stroessner’s background and actions remains clear and coherent.

Explanation

<h2>My grumpiness dissolved, though, when I</h2> This option effectively combines the two sentences by establishing a clear relationship between the speaker's change in emotion and the discovery of Danny's fascination. The use of "though" indicates that the initial feeling of grumpiness was contrasted by a positive realization, enhancing the narrative flow. <b>A) My grumpiness dissolved, and I</b> This choice lacks a contrasting element that connects the two thoughts effectively. The conjunction "and" implies a simple addition rather than highlighting the relationship between the speaker's change in mood and the observation of Danny's fascination. It fails to convey the intended emotional shift. <b>B) My grumpiness dissolved, though, when I</b> This is the best option because it clearly indicates the change in the speaker's emotional state in relation to the new realization about Danny. The word "though" emphasizes the contrast between the initial grumpiness and the positive experience that follows, making the narrative more engaging. <b>C) Although my grumpiness had dissolved, I</b> While this choice begins with a contrast, it suggests that the grumpiness could have lingered, which is not the intended meaning. The phrase implies that there were lingering feelings, distracting from the immediate emotional change experienced by the speaker. <b>D) When my grumpiness dissolved, I still</b> This option suggests that the speaker's grumpiness could somehow continue to affect them, which contradicts the narrative's intent. It implies a lingering negativity rather than the complete emotional shift that occurs upon realizing Danny's interest. <b>Conclusion</b> The best revision combines the two sentences while maintaining the emotional transition of the narrative. By using "My grumpiness dissolved, though, when I," the revision captures the contrast between the speaker's initial negative feeling and the joy derived from sharing the cooking experience with Danny. This enhances the overall storytelling and aligns with the author's reflective attitude.

Explanation

<h2>Actually, I did mind but grudgingly allowed him entrance into my sanctuary.</h2> This sentence effectively conveys the chef's initial reluctance to let Danny into her kitchen while highlighting her eventual acceptance. The use of "grudgingly" captures the internal conflict and reluctant acceptance of the situation, aligning well with the overall tone of the narrative. <b>A) (as it is now)</b> This option maintains the original phrasing, which accurately reflects the chef's feelings of irritation but also her eventual willingness to accept Danny’s presence. It emphasizes her internal struggle, making it the best choice. <b>B) stubbornly</b> Choosing "stubbornly" would imply a rigid refusal to allow Danny in, which does not capture the nuance of the chef’s feelings. It suggests an unwillingness to compromise, contrasting with her eventual acceptance and enjoyment of his company. <b>C) angrily</b> Using "angrily" would suggest that the chef was overwhelmed with rage at Danny's request. This interpretation would exaggerate her emotions and misrepresent her feelings, which were more about reluctance than outright anger. <b>D) cautiously</b> The term "cautiously" implies fear or hesitation regarding the situation, which does not accurately reflect the chef's mindset. She is more annoyed than fearful, and this word choice detracts from the underlying pleasure she ultimately finds in the experience. <b>Conclusion</b> The original phrasing, "Actually, I did mind but grudgingly allowed him entrance into my sanctuary," effectively encapsulates the chef's initial annoyance and subsequent acceptance of Danny's interest in cooking. Each alternative fails to convey the same depth of emotion, either misrepresenting her feelings or altering the narrative's tone. Ultimately, maintaining the original wording best preserves the chef's complex emotional journey and the joy she finds in sharing her culinary passion.