1. A scientist collects the data from samples taken from the eggs of chickens that were fed different diets. The table shows that Diet Version A has an average protein content of egg at 6 grams, and Diet Version B has an average protein content of egg at 9 grams. Which of the following can be inferred from the data if the eggs are the same size?
A. Diet B contained higher amounts of fatty acids than Diet A.
B. Diet B contained higher amounts of amino acids than Diet A. Correct
C. Diet A contained lower amounts of nucleotides than Diet B.
D. Diet A contained lower amounts of monosaccharides than Diet B.
Explanation
The higher protein content in eggs from Diet B suggests that Diet B likely contains more amino acids, as proteins are composed of amino acids. The data does not provide information about fatty acids, nucleotides, or monosaccharides, making those options speculative. Choice B is the most reasonable inference.
2. A scientist studies the effects of a new respiratory drug on oxygen levels in the blood. The table shows that at time administered 0 minutes, control oxygen saturation is 95 percent and experimental oxygen saturation is 95 percent; at 5 minutes, control is 95 percent and experimental is 94 percent; at 10 minutes, control is 95 percent and experimental is 89 percent; at 15 minutes, control is 95 percent and experimental is 84 percent.Which of the following conclusions is supported by the data in the table?
A. The experimental group showed no difference from the control group.
B. The control group showed a spontaneous increase in blood oxygen saturation.
C. The experimental group showed the drug was effective at lowering blood oxygen saturation. Correct
D. The control group was not given enough time to show a response to the drug.
Explanation
The data shows a consistent decrease in oxygen saturation in the experimental group (94%, 89%, 84%) compared to the stable control group (95%), indicating the drug lowers oxygen saturation. There is a clear difference between groups, no increase in the control group, and the control group was not given the drug. Choice C is correct.
3. Which of the following rows on the table indicates the correct phases of the solute and solvent when saltwater is made at room temperature using water and NaCl? The table shows Row 1 with solute phase solid and solvent phase solid; Row 2 with solute phase liquid and solvent phase liquid; Row 3 with solute phase liquid and solvent phase solid; Row 4 with solute phase solid and solvent phase liquid.
A. Row 1
B. Row 3
C. Row 4 Correct
D. Row 2
Explanation
When saltwater is made, NaCl (solute) is a solid, and water (solvent) is a liquid at room temperature. Row 4 (solute solid, solvent liquid) matches this description. The other rows incorrectly describe the phases of NaCl or water.
4. Based on the table, which of the following is the percentage of adenine nucleotides in this molecule of toad DNA? The table shows for organism toad: adenine is unknown, cytosine is 41, thymine is 9, guanine is unknown.
A. 41
B. 32
C. 9 Correct
D. 50
Explanation
In DNA, adenine (A) pairs with thymine (T), and cytosine (C) pairs with guanine (G), so their percentages are equal (A=T, C=G). The table shows thymine at 9%, so adenine is also 9%. The total percentages must sum to 100%, with cytosine and guanine at 41% each, confirming adenine as 9%.
5. One parent has dark brown eyes (homozygous dominant), and the other parent has green eyes (homozygous recessive). What is the probability that their offspring will have brown eyes?
A. 100% Correct
B. 75%
C. 25%
D. 50%
Explanation
A homozygous dominant parent (BB) and a homozygous recessive parent (bb) produce offspring with genotype Bb, all expressing the dominant brown eye trait. A Punnett square confirms all offspring inherit one B allele, resulting in a 100% probability of brown eyes. Choice A is correct.