1. The nurse aide is feeding a client while the client's head is tilted back. The client is at risk for:
A. edema.
B. dyspnea.
C. dysphagia.
D. aspiration. Correct
Explanation
Tilting the head back during feeding allows gravity to pull food or liquids toward the airway rather than the esophagus, increasing the risk of aspiration, which is the entry of material into the lungs and can lead to serious complications like aspiration pneumonia. Proper feeding technique involves keeping the head in a neutral or slightly forward position to ensure safe swallowing. Edema is swelling, dyspnea is difficulty breathing, and dysphagia is difficulty swallowing, none of which are directly caused by head position in this context.
2. The role of the nurse aide in restorative care is to:
A. combine short steps into a long list to keep a client motivated.
B. recognize that setbacks occur and encourage a client to keep trying. Correct
C. let a client know when progress is not happening as quickly as planned.
D. complete a task for a client if the client is taking too long to complete it.
Explanation
Restorative care focuses on helping clients regain or maintain their highest level of functioning. Recognizing setbacks and providing encouragement promotes motivation and independence, aligning with the goals of restorative nursing. Combining steps (A) may overwhelm the client, informing about slow progress (C) can discourage, and completing tasks (D) undermines independence, which is contrary to restorative principles.
3. A low-fat diet is ordered for a client. Which of the following foods is restricted?
A. Fish
B. Butter Correct
C. Bread
D. Sugar
Explanation
A low-fat diet restricts high-fat foods like butter, which is primarily fat and can elevate cholesterol levels. Fish, bread, and sugar are generally allowed in moderation on low-fat diets, as they are lower in fat content.
4. A client refuses to take a bath. What is the nurse aide's BEST response?
A. "You don't have to take your bath now. When would you like to take it?" Correct
B. "A bath is good for you, and I know best."
C. "You have to take your bath, and there is no way out of it."
D. "Everybody else takes a bath. Why shouldn't you?"
Explanation
Respecting client autonomy and promoting dignity involves offering choices and flexibility. This response acknowledges the refusal without pressure and schedules the bath at a preferred time. Options B, C, and D are coercive or judgmental, violating client rights and potentially increasing resistance.
5. The unlawful restriction of a client's freedom of movement is called:
A. defamation.
B. false imprisonment. Correct
C. negligence.
D. invasion of privacy.
Explanation
False imprisonment is the intentional and unlawful confinement of a person without consent or legal justification, such as restraining a client without cause. Defamation is false statements harming reputation, negligence is failure to provide reasonable care, and invasion of privacy is unauthorized disclosure of private information.