1. In which situation does religious preference inappropriately affect decision making?
A. A company allows two days off per year for religious celebrations to all employees regardless of religious affiliation.
B. An individual follows religious dietary restrictions while at work regardless of the religious beliefs of others.
C. A real estate agent uses her religious background as a basis for accepting bids on property that is for sale. Correct
D. A manager refuses to participate in an event that conflicts with the manager's personal religious beliefs.
Explanation
Using religious background to accept bids is discriminatory and violates fair housing and employment laws. Allowing time off for all employees is inclusive and non-discriminatory. Following personal dietary restrictions is a personal right that does not impose on others. A manager refusing to participate in a conflicting event is exercising personal religious freedom without affecting others' opportunities.
2. Equal employment opportunity laws were designed to ensure that people are considered for employment without regard to certain traits. Which traits are protected by these laws?
A. Criminal record, race, and gender
B. Race, religion, and abilities
C. Race, religion, and ethnic background Correct
D. National origin, race, and education
Explanation
EEO laws protect immutable characteristics like race, religion, and national origin (which includes ethnic background). Criminal record is not a universally protected trait. Abilities can refer to skills, which are not protected, but disabilities are. Education level is not a protected class under federal EEO laws.
3. In which situation would it be reasonable for an employer to accommodate the needs of a worker with a disability?
A. Providing an environment for a mentally ill worker where the worker does not have to interact with others
B. Providing a list of accommodations that the company is willing to make available to all potential employees
C. Providing a germ-free environment for a worker participating in a bone marrow transplant program
D. Providing a Braille keyboard for a worker who is visually impaired Correct
Explanation
Providing a Braille keyboard is a reasonable accommodation under the ADA for a visual impairment, enabling the employee to perform essential job functions. Isolating a mentally ill worker could be a form of discrimination and is not a standard accommodation. A generic list doesn't address individual needs. A germ-free environment is typically a medical requirement beyond standard workplace accommodations and may not be reasonable for most employers.
4. What is the purpose of a value chain analysis?
A. To help the company determine its commitment to ethics and social responsibility
B. To determine company stockholder satisfaction
C. To allow the company to implement an intranet and develop automated processes
D. To allow the company to use a systematic approach in developing a competitive advantage Correct
Explanation
Value chain analysis involves examining internal activities to identify which ones add the most value, with the ultimate goal of achieving a competitive advantage by performing these activities more efficiently or effectively than competitors. It is a strategic tool focused on operational efficiency and competitive positioning, not ethics, stockholder satisfaction, or specific IT implementations.
5. What is a clear and concise statement of the basic purpose of an organization?
A. Its mission Correct
B. Its vision
C. Its objective
D. Its goal
Explanation
A mission statement defines the organization's fundamental purpose, answering the question 'What do we do?'. It is focused on the present. A vision statement describes a future aspirational state ('What do we want to become?'). Objectives and goals are specific, measurable targets that support the mission and vision.