1. Which technology is characteristic of second-generation computing?
A. Artificial intelligence
B. Nanotechnology
C. Transistors Correct
D. Microprocessors
Explanation
Transistors defined second-generation computing (1950s-1960s), replacing vacuum tubes. A is incorrect as AI is fifth-generation. B is incorrect as nanotechnology is modern. D is incorrect as microprocessors are third-generation.
2. Which generation of computing is associated with integrated circuits?
A. Second
B. Third Correct
C. Fourth
D. Fifth
Explanation
Integrated circuits were introduced in third-generation computing (1960s-1970s). A is incorrect as second-generation used transistors. C is incorrect as fourth-generation used microprocessors. D is incorrect as fifth-generation focuses on AI.
3. What is the generation of computing known for the introduction of electronic components that could maintain exactly two states?
A. First Correct
B. Second
C. Third
D. Fourth
Explanation
First-generation computing (1940s-1950s) used vacuum tubes with two states (on/off). B is incorrect as transistors improved reliability. C and D are incorrect as they used more advanced components.
4. Which generation of computing is known for the use of operating systems to allow for shared memory and resources?
A. Second
B. Third Correct
C. Fourth
D. Fifth
Explanation
Third-generation computing (1960s-1970s) introduced operating systems for shared memory/resources. A is incorrect as second-generation had basic software. C is incorrect as fourth-generation refined OS capabilities. D is incorrect as fifth-generation focuses on AI.
5. What is the generation of computing known for natural language processing and machine learning capabilities?
A. Second
B. Third
C. Fourth
D. Fifth Correct
Explanation
Fifth-generation computing (1980s-present) emphasizes NLP and machine learning. A, B, and C are incorrect as earlier generations lacked these capabilities.