Question 24

A client is NPO and should be given nothing by mouth.

When a client is designated as NPO (nil per os), it means they should not have anything by mouth, including food and fluids. This is typically required before surgery or certain medical procedures to prevent complications.

A) fluids frequently

This option is incorrect because providing fluids to a client who is NPO contradicts the very definition of NPO, which prohibits any oral intake. Allowing fluids could pose risks, especially in preparation for surgery or medical tests.

B) ice chips only

This option is also incorrect, as ice chips are considered an oral intake and therefore not permitted for someone who is NPO. Even small amounts of ice can lead to complications during medical procedures that require an empty stomach.

C) only solid food

This option is incorrect since a client who is NPO should not receive any food, solid or otherwise. The restrictions of being NPO include all forms of intake, which means solid food is completely off-limits.

D) nothing by mouth

This is the correct option, as being NPO explicitly means the client should not have any food or liquids. It is essential for ensuring patient safety during procedures that require an empty digestive tract.

Conclusion

The rationale for selecting "nothing by mouth" for a client who is NPO is clear, as this instruction is critical for patient safety and effective medical care. All other options fail to align with the NPO status, which is designed to avoid complications during medical procedures. Thus, "nothing by mouth" is the only appropriate choice.