Question 23

A hummingbird feeding on a flower and dispersing the plant's pollen is an example of mutualism.

This interaction exemplifies mutualism, where both species benefit; the hummingbird gains nourishment from the nectar, while the plant receives assistance with pollination.

A) Predation

Predation occurs when one organism hunts and consumes another for sustenance, which does not apply in this scenario. The hummingbird is not feeding on the flower but rather on its nectar, indicating a different type of relationship.

B) Commensalism

In commensalism, one species benefits while the other is neither helped nor harmed. This does not describe the relationship between the hummingbird and the flower, as both parties gain benefits from their interaction.

C) Competition

Competition involves two species vying for the same resources, which leads to a negative impact on one or both species. This situation is not relevant to the hummingbird and flower interaction, as they are not competing but rather collaborating for mutual benefit.

D) Mutualism

Mutualism is the correct description of the interaction, where the hummingbird benefits from the nectar while aiding the plant in pollen dispersal. This symbiotic relationship enhances reproductive success for the plant and provides food for the bird.

Conclusion

Mutualism is the correct answer as it accurately reflects the beneficial relationship between the hummingbird and the flower. All other options fail to capture the essence of this interaction, which is characterized by reciprocal benefits rather than harm or competition.