Question 7

Spironolactone and potassium can lead to hyperkalemia.

The concurrent use of spironolactone, a potassium-sparing diuretic, with potassium supplements significantly increases the risk of hyperkalemia due to the potential for excessive potassium retention in the body.

A) Furosemide and amlodipine

This combination does not pose a risk for hyperkalemia. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that promotes potassium excretion, while amlodipine is a calcium channel blocker that does not affect potassium levels significantly.

B) Amlodipine and spironolactone

While spironolactone can increase potassium levels, amlodipine does not contribute to hyperkalemia. However, the risk of hyperkalemia mainly arises from spironolactone, making this combination less risky than spironolactone with potassium.

C) Potassium and furosemide

This combination is unlikely to cause hyperkalemia since furosemide leads to the excretion of potassium. Instead, adding potassium to furosemide could potentially counteract the potassium loss rather than cause an increase.

D) Spironolactone and potassium

This combination is particularly concerning as both medications can raise serum potassium levels. Spironolactone, being a potassium-sparing diuretic, retains potassium, and taking potassium supplements concurrently can lead to dangerously high potassium levels, resulting in hyperkalemia.

Conclusion

The combination of spironolactone and potassium is the most likely to result in hyperkalemia due to their synergistic effects on potassium retention. All other options either do not contribute to elevated potassium levels or actively promote potassium loss, thereby reducing the risk of hyperkalemia.