44. A student is conducting research on the study habits of fellow students at a college. Which variable of the study is qualitative?
Answer: B
Type of residence is the qualitative variable in the study.
Qualitative variables represent categories or qualities rather than numerical values, and in this study, the type of residence fits that definition as it categorizes students based on where they live.
A) Time spent studying
Time spent studying is a quantitative variable, as it can be measured in hours or minutes. This metric provides numerical data that can be statistically analyzed, making it unsuitable as a qualitative variable.
B) Type of residence
Type of residence is a qualitative variable because it categorizes students based on their living arrangements, such as on-campus housing, off-campus apartments, or living at home. These categories do not have inherent numerical values, thus making this option the correct choice.
C) Course load (credit hours)
Course load is a quantitative variable, as it is expressed in numerical terms reflecting the number of credit hours a student is enrolled in. This data can be analyzed statistically, which disqualifies it as a qualitative variable.
D) Grade point average (GPA)
Grade point average (GPA) is also a quantitative variable, as it is a numerical representation of a student's overall academic performance. The GPA can be measured and calculated, making it distinct from qualitative variables.
Conclusion
The correct answer, type of residence, is the only option that qualifies as a qualitative variable in the context of the study. All other options represent quantitative data that can be measured, analyzed, and expressed numerically, which is why they do not fit the definition of qualitative variables.