Question 33

Maslow's hierarchy of needs

The example provided illustrates Maslow's hierarchy of needs, which posits that after fulfilling basic physiological desires, individuals are motivated by higher-level psychological desires. This theory outlines a progression through different levels of needs, leading to self-actualization.

A) Maslow's hierarchy of needs

This option is correct because it directly addresses the sequence of fulfilling physiological needs before moving on to psychological and self-fulfillment needs. Maslow's theory emphasizes that individuals are motivated to achieve higher-level desires only after their basic needs are met, aligning perfectly with the context of the question.

B) Two-factor theory

Two-factor theory, developed by Frederick Herzberg, focuses on job satisfaction and dissatisfaction as separate entities influenced by different factors. This option is incorrect as it does not pertain to the hierarchical fulfillment of needs, but rather to motivational factors in workplace settings.

C) X and Y theory

Douglas McGregor's X and Y theory outlines two contrasting views of human motivation in the workplace: Theory X assumes people are inherently lazy, while Theory Y assumes they are self-motivated and seek responsibility. This option is not applicable to the context since it does not discuss a hierarchy of needs or desires.

D) Bigelow's three-factor theory

Bigelow's three-factor theory is less well-known and not commonly referenced in psychological or motivational contexts. It does not provide a framework for understanding the fulfillment of needs in a hierarchical manner, making this option incorrect in relation to the question.

Conclusion

Maslow's hierarchy of needs is definitively the correct answer, as it specifically outlines the progression of human motivation from basic physiological needs to higher-level psychological desires. All other options fail to address this fundamental concept of hierarchical needs fulfillment, making them unsuitable in this context.