60. Attachment studies by Harry Harlow showed that infant monkeys separated from their mothers preferred to cling to a surrogate mother that
Answer: E
Infant monkeys preferred to cling to a surrogate mother that was covered in soft cloth.
Infant monkeys in Harlow's studies exhibited a strong preference for a surrogate mother that was covered in soft cloth, indicating the importance of comfort and security in attachment over basic needs like food.
A) made monkey-like sounds
While sounds may play a role in social bonding, Harlow's experiments specifically highlighted physical comfort as a key factor in attachment. The surrogate that made monkey-like sounds did not provide the necessary tactile comfort that the infants craved.
B) provided food
Although food is a basic necessity, Harlow's findings demonstrated that the infant monkeys prioritized comfort over nutrition. The monkeys often chose the soft cloth surrogate over the one that offered food, emphasizing the emotional and psychological aspects of attachment rather than mere sustenance.
C) provided water
Similar to food, water is essential for survival, but the research indicated that the infant monkeys sought emotional security from their environment. A surrogate providing water did not fulfill the deeper need for comfort and affection, which was crucial in forming an attachment.
D) was made of wire
The wire surrogate, despite potentially being a source of food, lacked the softness and warmth that the infant monkeys needed. Harlow's work clearly illustrated that a cold, unyielding surface did not foster the kind of attachment that was observed with the soft cloth mother.
E) was covered in soft cloth
This option directly aligns with Harlow's findings, where the infant monkeys consistently chose to cling to the soft cloth surrogate over others. The tactile sensation provided by the soft cloth offered a sense of security and comfort, which was paramount in their attachment behavior.
Conclusion
The correct answer highlights the critical role that comfort plays in attachment, as evidenced by the infant monkeys' preference for the soft cloth surrogate. All other options failed to account for the emotional and psychological needs of the monkeys, which were clearly prioritized over basic physical needs. Harlow's studies underscore the significance of nurturing and comfort in the development of attachment bonds.