Question 177

Booker T. Washington founded Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute.

Booker T. Washington established the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, which played a crucial role in the education and vocational training of African Americans in the South.

A) the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church

This option is incorrect as the Colored Methodist Episcopal Church was founded by a group of African American Methodists in 1870, separate from Washington's initiatives. Washington did not have any direct involvement in the establishment of this religious institution.

B) the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

This choice is incorrect because the NAACP was founded in 1909 by a group of activists, including W.E.B. Du Bois and Ida B. Wells, to fight for civil rights. Washington was not a founder of this organization, which was established after his most influential work.

C) Morehouse College

Morehouse College, an historically black men's college in Atlanta, was founded in 1867, prior to Washington's establishment of Tuskegee. Although Washington did support black education, he was not involved in the creation of Morehouse.

D) the Universal Negro Improvement Association

The Universal Negro Improvement Association (UNIA) was founded by Marcus Garvey in 1914, which means Washington had no role in its founding. This organization focused on the empowerment and self-determination of African Americans, differing from Washington's educational focus.

E) Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute

This option is correct as Washington founded the Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute in 1881, with the aim of providing vocational training to African Americans. This institution became a model for industrial education and significantly contributed to the advancement of African Americans in various trades and professions.

Conclusion

The correct answer, Tuskegee Normal and Industrial Institute, represents Washington's legacy in promoting vocational education for African Americans. All other options either belong to different founders or were established independently of Washington's efforts, highlighting his unique contribution to education during his time.