Question 25

Theo is experiencing tolerance.

Tolerance occurs when an individual requires an increased dosage of a drug to achieve the same pleasurable effects that were previously attained with a lower dose. This phenomenon is common with many substances, where the body adapts to the presence of the drug over time.

A) tolerance

This option is correct because tolerance specifically refers to the need for a higher dose of a drug to achieve the same effects due to the body's adaptation. Theo's situation directly aligns with this definition, as he finds he must take a higher dose to experience pleasure.

B) a drug expectancy effect

This option is incorrect because a drug expectancy effect involves the anticipation of experiencing certain effects based on previous experiences or beliefs about the drug rather than a physiological change requiring a higher dose. Theo's need for increased dosage indicates a physical adaptation rather than just expectation.

C) a placebo effect

This option is incorrect as well since a placebo effect refers to experiencing a perceived improvement in condition due to believing one is receiving treatment, even if it's inactive. Theo's situation involves an actual change in drug response, not just belief.

D) psychological dependence

This option is also incorrect. Psychological dependence pertains to the emotional or mental reliance on a drug to function, rather than needing higher doses to achieve effects. While Theo may feel he needs the drug, the key issue here is the increased dosage for the same effects, indicating tolerance.

Conclusion

In summary, the correct answer is tolerance, as it directly addresses the need for a higher dose to achieve the same pleasurable effects. The other options, while related to drug use and effects, do not accurately describe the physiological changes occurring in Theo's experience. Thus, tolerance is the definitive explanation for his situation.