Question 30

The therapist is probably going to use a technique called systematic desensitization.

Systematic desensitization is a therapeutic technique used to help individuals gradually confront their fears in a controlled manner. By having John list and rate situations related to his phobia, the therapist is preparing to expose him to these fears progressively.

A) reframing

Reframing involves changing the way a person perceives a situation, but it does not focus on gradual exposure to fears. This technique is more about altering thoughts rather than addressing phobias through exposure, making it incorrect in this context.

B) shaping

Shaping is a process in behavior therapy where successive approximations of a desired behavior are reinforced. While it is a valuable technique, it does not specifically address the gradual exposure to fears that is characteristic of systematic desensitization.

C) aversive conditioning

Aversive conditioning is a technique that pairs unpleasant stimuli with unwanted behaviors to reduce those behaviors. This method is not relevant to the gradual exposure of fears, as systematic desensitization aims to reduce fear responses rather than create aversive reactions.

D) systematic desensitization

Systematic desensitization is the correct technique as it involves exposing the individual to their fears in a controlled, gradual way, helping them learn to manage their anxiety. By rating situations from least to most frightening, John is engaging in the foundational steps of this therapeutic approach.

Conclusion

Systematic desensitization stands out as the appropriate technique for helping John address his phobia through gradual exposure. The other options fail to address the specific methodology of confronting fears, which is central to the therapist's plan. This structured approach emphasizes the importance of preparing and supporting individuals as they face their anxieties.