Question 54

Russia’s natural resources are under-developed mainly because of its cold climate and vast terrain.

The cold climate and vast terrain of Russia significantly hinder the development of its natural resources. These environmental factors create challenges for extraction and transportation, making it difficult to fully utilize the country's rich resource base.

A) Cold climate & vast terrain

This option correctly identifies the primary reasons for the under-development of Russia's natural resources. The harsh weather conditions and extensive geography complicate resource extraction efforts, requiring more investment and advanced technology to operate effectively in such environments.

B) Land-locked geography

Land-locked geography is not a significant factor for Russia, as it has extensive coastlines along both the Arctic and Pacific Oceans. This access to maritime routes actually facilitates trade and resource exportation, making this option incorrect in the context of resource development.

C) Lack of capital-city infrastructure

While infrastructure in certain regions may be lacking, the statement oversimplifies the issue. The challenges posed by the cold climate and vast terrain are far more influential on resource development than any deficiencies in capital-city infrastructure.

D) Government bans

Government bans on resource extraction are not a primary reason for the under-development of natural resources in Russia. In fact, the government often supports resource extraction industries, though regulatory challenges may exist. Therefore, this option does not accurately reflect the main hindrances.

Conclusion

The correct answer emphasizes the significant impact of Russia's cold climate and vast terrain on its resource development. Other options fail to address the primary environmental challenges that impede effective extraction and utilization of natural resources in the country. Understanding these factors is crucial for analyzing the economic potential of Russia's abundant resources.