40. The contrastive analysis hypothesis (CAH) is best summarized by which of the following statements?
Answer: C
A language learner's errors can be predicted by examining the similarities and differences between the learner's L1 and L2.
The contrastive analysis hypothesis (CAH) posits that a learner's errors in a second language (L2) can be anticipated by analyzing the contrasts and parallels between their first language (L1) and the L2. This approach emphasizes the role of linguistic structures in predicting challenges that learners may face.
A) A language learner's ability to acquire and internalize the L2 is dependent on the learner's comfort level.
This statement misrepresents the focus of the CAH, which does not prioritize emotional factors such as comfort level in language acquisition. Instead, the CAH centers on the linguistic similarities and differences between L1 and L2, making this option incorrect.
B) A language learner's ability to acquire and learn the L2 is a result of having innate linguistic knowledge.
While innate linguistic knowledge may contribute to language learning, this statement diverges from the CAH's premise. The CAH specifically involves comparing L1 and L2 structures to predict errors, rather than relying on inherent linguistic capabilities, rendering this option inaccurate.
C) A language learner's errors can be predicted by examining the similarities and differences between the learner's L1 and L2.
This statement accurately encapsulates the essence of the contrastive analysis hypothesis. The CAH asserts that understanding the linguistic features of both languages allows educators and learners to anticipate potential difficulties, making this the correct choice.
D) A language-learner's proficiency in the L1 directly correlates to the ease with which the learner acquires the L2.
Although L1 proficiency may influence L2 learning, this statement does not align with the CAH's focus on linguistic comparisons. The CAH emphasizes analyzing the similarities and differences between the two languages to predict errors, rather than establishing a direct correlation with proficiency, thus making this option incorrect.
Conclusion
The correct answer, C, effectively summarizes the contrastive analysis hypothesis by highlighting the predictive nature of L1 and L2 comparisons in understanding learner errors. All other options fail to encapsulate the CAH's core principle, either by misrepresenting its focus or introducing unrelated factors. Thus, C stands out as the definitive representation of the hypothesis.