Question 44

The drive-reduction theory of motivation best explains the motivation behind a person drinking a glass of water after a long walk.

Drive-reduction theory suggests that motivation arises from physiological needs that create a state of tension or drive, which individuals are motivated to reduce. In this scenario, after a long walk, the need for hydration creates a drive that leads the person to drink water, effectively reducing that physiological need.

A) A baby smiling shortly after birth

This option is incorrect as a baby smiling shortly after birth does not directly relate to the drive-reduction theory. Smiling in this context is often associated with instinctual or social behaviors rather than a response to a physiological need or drive that requires reduction.

B) A person riding the tallest roller coaster

This choice is not aligned with the drive-reduction theory either, as riding a roller coaster is more about thrill-seeking and excitement rather than fulfilling a physiological need. The motivations behind such activities are often linked to the pursuit of pleasure or adrenaline rather than reducing a drive.

C) A student studying hard for an exam

While studying could reflect some form of motivation, it does not specifically fit the drive-reduction theory. A student's motivation may stem from various factors, including intrinsic motivation and the desire for achievement, rather than a direct physiological need that requires reduction.

D) A person drinking a glass of water after a long walk

This option accurately represents the drive-reduction theory of motivation. The act of drinking water is a response to the physiological need for hydration, which has been heightened after exertion during the walk. This need creates a drive that the individual seeks to reduce through drinking.

Conclusion

The correct answer, D, exemplifies the drive-reduction theory by showing how physiological needs drive behavior to restore balance. Options A, B, and C do not involve physiological drives that require reduction, thus failing to illustrate the core concept of the theory effectively. Only option D aligns with the theory by directly linking a physiological need to a motivated behavior.