Question 18

The 'Great Compromise' resolved a dispute between large states and small states over representation.

The 'Great Compromise' established a dual system of congressional representation, balancing the interests of both large and small states by creating a bicameral legislature. This effectively addressed the conflict regarding how states would be represented in the new government.

A) Large states and small states over representation

This option is correct as the 'Great Compromise' specifically addressed the contention between larger states, which wanted representation based on population, and smaller states, which sought equal representation regardless of size. The compromise led to the creation of the House of Representatives, where representation is based on population, and the Senate, where each state has equal representation.

B) The executive and judicial branches over power

This option is incorrect because the 'Great Compromise' did not pertain to the powers of the executive and judicial branches. The discussions regarding the separation of powers and checks and balances were separate issues that evolved during the Constitutional Convention.

C) Northern and southern states over slavery

This option is incorrect as the 'Great Compromise' did not directly address the issue of slavery. While slavery was a significant topic during the Constitutional Convention, the compromise focused primarily on representation rather than the contentious debates surrounding slavery.

D) The federal government and state governments over taxation

This option is incorrect because the 'Great Compromise' did not deal with the taxation powers between federal and state governments. The discussions on taxation powers were part of broader discussions about federalism and the authority of the new government.

E) Congress and the president over veto power

This option is incorrect as the 'Great Compromise' did not involve issues regarding the veto power of the president or the authority of Congress. The balance of power between these two branches was outlined in other parts of the Constitution.

Conclusion

The 'Great Compromise' is definitively recognized as a pivotal moment in American history, effectively addressing the critical issue of representation between large and small states. All other options fail to relate to the specific compromise made during the Constitutional Convention, which was fundamentally about balancing the interests of states with differing populations.