Question 74

The correct first dose for the child is 27 mg.

To determine the appropriate first dose for a 3 year old child weighing 36 pounds, we first convert the weight to kilograms. Since 1 pound is approximately 0.454 kg, the child weighs about 16.33 kg. The recommended dose is 5 mg/kg/day, which results in a total daily dose of approximately 81.65 mg. When this is divided into three doses given every 8 hours, each dose should be about 27.22 mg, which rounds to 27 mg.

A) 27

This option is correct as it aligns with the calculated first dose based on the child's weight and the recommended dosing guidelines. The total daily dose of approximately 81.65 mg divided by three doses results in a dose of 27 mg per administration.

B) 60

This option is incorrect because a dose of 60 mg exceeds the calculated first dose based on the child's weight and the recommended dosing of 5 mg/kg. Using this amount would significantly surpass the appropriate dosage, which could lead to potential toxicity.

C) 82

This option is also incorrect as it represents the total daily dose rather than the per dose calculation. While 82 mg is close to the total daily dose, it does not account for the division into multiple doses, thus misrepresenting the correct administration for each 8-hour interval.

D) 180

This option is incorrect as it is significantly higher than the recommended dosage based on the weight of the child. A dose of 180 mg would be dangerously excessive and not aligned with safe pediatric dosing guidelines.

Conclusion

The correct first dose of 27 mg is derived from accurately applying the weight-based dosing formula, ensuring safe and effective medication administration for the child. All other options fail to adhere to the calculated guidelines, either by exceeding safe limits or misinterpreting the dosing schedule.