Question 72

Predicting and controlling behavior

The goal of behaviorism, as defined by John Watson, is primarily focused on predicting and controlling behavior. This approach emphasizes observable behaviors rather than internal mental states.

A) Predicting and controlling behavior

This option accurately reflects the essence of behaviorism as proposed by John Watson. Watson argued that psychology should focus on observable behaviors that can be measured and controlled, establishing a foundation for behavior modification techniques and predictive models of behavior.

B) Understanding the causes of behavior

While understanding causes may be an aspect of psychological study, it does not align with the primary goal of behaviorism as defined by Watson. Behaviorism deliberately set aside the exploration of internal mental processes, focusing instead on external behaviors and their manipulation.

C) Preventing self-defeating behaviors

This option does not accurately represent the goal of behaviorism. While behaviorism may indirectly contribute to preventing self-defeating behaviors through behavior modification, its main aim is not prevention but rather the prediction and control of behavior.

D) Treating disorders related to behavior

Although behaviorism can be applied in the treatment of behavioral disorders, this is not its overarching goal as defined by Watson. The primary focus remains on the prediction and control of behaviors rather than exclusively treating specific disorders.

Conclusion

The goal of behaviorism, as defined by John Watson, is definitively centered on predicting and controlling behavior, which distinguishes it from other psychological theories. Other options either misinterpret the focus of behaviorism or represent secondary applications rather than its core objective.