Question 13

Effective control is a major element that needs to be implemented in total quality management.

Effective control ensures that processes operate within defined parameters and that quality standards are maintained consistently, which is crucial for total quality management.

A) Hiring and firing

While hiring and firing are important aspects of managing human resources, they do not directly address the systematic processes and controls necessary for total quality management. This option lacks the focus on ongoing quality improvement and process management that is essential in TQM.

B) Effective control

Effective control is vital in total quality management as it involves monitoring processes, measuring performance, and implementing improvements to ensure that quality objectives are met. This element directly supports the core principles of TQM, making it the correct choice.

C) Services

Services are a component of what total quality management might encompass, but they are not the major element needed for its implementation. The focus of TQM is broader, including processes and controls rather than solely the types of offerings.

D) Products

Like services, products are part of the output of an organization, but they do not represent the major element necessary for implementing total quality management. TQM emphasizes the processes and controls that lead to quality products, rather than the products themselves.

Conclusion

Effective control is the cornerstone of total quality management as it facilitates continuous improvement and adherence to quality standards. Other options, while relevant in some contexts, do not address the fundamental need for systematic oversight and management of processes that ensure quality. This makes effective control the definitive answer in the context of total quality management.