20. What precedent was set by George Washington and maintained until the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt?
Answer: C
Serving no more than two terms as president
George Washington established the precedent of serving no more than two terms as president, a practice that was respected by his successors until Franklin D. Roosevelt. This tradition was rooted in the belief that limiting presidential tenure would prevent the concentration of power and promote democratic principles.
A) Leaving economic policy decision-making to Congress
While Congress has significant influence over economic policy, this was not a specific precedent set by Washington. He did engage in economic matters during his presidency, and the division of responsibilities regarding economic policy evolved over time rather than being a clear precedent.
B) Letting party officials pick the vice president candidate
This option does not accurately reflect any specific precedent set by Washington. In fact, the process of selecting vice presidential candidates has changed significantly over time, with more formalized party primaries emerging long after Washington's presidency.
C) Serving no more than two terms as president
This option is correct as George Washington voluntarily stepped down after two terms, establishing a precedent that was followed by future presidents until Franklin D. Roosevelt, who broke this norm by serving four terms. Washington’s decision was influential in shaping the office and its expectations.
D) Refusing to be directly involved in treaty negotiations
Washington did engage in treaty negotiations, notably with the Treaty of Greenville and the Jay Treaty. Therefore, this option is incorrect as it misrepresents his active role in foreign policy during his presidency.
Conclusion
The precedent of serving no more than two terms as president is a crucial aspect of American political tradition that was established by Washington and ultimately upheld by his successors until Roosevelt. Other options do not align with the historical actions or practices set during Washington's time, reinforcing that option C is the definitive correct answer.