Question 38

Ozone depletion

Chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) are primarily responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer in the atmosphere. When CFCs are released, they eventually rise to the stratosphere, where they are broken down by ultraviolet radiation, releasing chlorine atoms that catalyze the destruction of ozone molecules.

A) Acid rain

Acid rain is caused by the emission of sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which react with water vapor in the atmosphere to form sulfuric and nitric acids. This phenomenon is not directly related to the release of CFCs, making this option incorrect.

B) Deforestation

Deforestation refers to the large-scale removal of trees from forested areas, often driven by agriculture, logging, and urban development. It is not a direct consequence of CFC emissions, thus rendering this option incorrect.

C) Ozone depletion

Ozone depletion is a well-documented effect of CFCs, as these compounds contribute to the breakdown of ozone molecules in the stratosphere. This option is correct because it directly addresses the environmental problem caused by CFCs.

D) Photochemical smog

Photochemical smog is primarily caused by the reaction of sunlight with pollutants such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nitrogen oxides. While it is an environmental issue, it is not a direct result of CFC emissions, making this option incorrect.

Conclusion

Ozone depletion is the environmental problem directly linked to the release of chlorofluorocarbons, as these compounds lead to the breakdown of ozone in the atmosphere. In contrast, acid rain, deforestation, and photochemical smog are caused by different pollutants and processes, thus confirming that C is the only correct answer.