Question 64

B: A student shares a toy after a friend gets praised for sharing.

Observational learning, as described by Bandura, occurs when an individual learns behaviors by watching others and the consequences those others experience. In this case, the student observes a friend being praised for sharing, which influences the student to engage in the same behavior.

A) A student is sent to the principal after hitting another student.

This option describes a consequence of behavior but does not illustrate observational learning. The student is punished for their action rather than learning a behavior by observing someone else's experience.

B) A student shares a toy after a friend gets praised for sharing.

This option exemplifies observational learning effectively. The student learns the value of sharing by witnessing their friend's positive reinforcement, which motivates them to replicate the behavior.

C) A student learns to play a new piece of music on the violin.

While this option involves learning, it does not specify that the learning occurs through observation of others. The student may be practicing independently or receiving instruction, which does not align with the concept of observational learning.

D) A student becomes upset after losing a game.

This option reflects an emotional response rather than learning through observation. The student's feelings of upset do not demonstrate the acquisition of new behavior based on watching someone else's actions or outcomes.

Conclusion

The correct answer, Option B, clearly illustrates observational learning as it involves the student learning to share by observing the positive reinforcement given to a peer. In contrast, the other options either depict consequences of actions, independent learning, or emotional responses that do not involve learning through observation, thus failing to meet the criteria for observational learning as defined by Bandura.