23. Which of the following numbers is an outlier in the data set below? 7, 9, 10, 10, 12, 14, 43
Answer: C
43 is the outlier in the data set.
In the data set of 7, 9, 10, 10, 12, 14, and 43, the number 43 significantly deviates from the other values, making it the outlier.
A) 10
The number 10 appears twice in the data set and falls within the range of the other numbers. It does not show any significant deviation from the other values, thereby not qualifying as an outlier.
B) 14
While 14 is higher than some of the other numbers, it is still within the range of the majority of the values in the set. Therefore, it is not an outlier as it does not exhibit an extreme deviation.
C) 43
The number 43 is substantially higher than the other numbers in the set, which range from 7 to 14. Its value stands out as it is far removed from the central tendency of the data, making it the clear outlier.
D) 7
Although 7 is the lowest number in the data set, it is not far enough removed from the other values to be considered an outlier. The presence of other low values, such as 9 and 10, keeps it within the acceptable range.
Conclusion
The number 43 is definitively the outlier because it is significantly higher than the other values in the data set, while all other options are either part of the main cluster or do not show significant deviation. Thus, 43 stands alone in its extremity, confirming its status as the outlier.