Question 30

A complex sentence contains an independent clause and at least one dependent clause.

When Jung-hoon found a seat on the bus, he hoped he would have a quiet ride is a complex sentence because it contains one independent clause ("he hoped he would have a quiet ride") and one dependent clause ("When Jung-hoon found a seat on the bus").

A) When Jung-hoon found a seat on the bus, he hoped he would have a quiet ride.

This option is correct because it features one independent clause and one dependent clause, making it a complex sentence. The dependent clause provides context for the independent clause, thus fulfilling the definition of a complex sentence.

B) Jung-hoon waited for the bus, and when the bus didn't appear, he wasn't sure it would, so he walked to the next bus stop.

This option is incorrect as it is a compound-complex sentence. It contains two independent clauses ("Jung-hoon waited for the bus" and "he walked to the next bus stop") and one dependent clause ("when the bus didn't appear"), but does not qualify as a single complex sentence.

C) Both the bus and Jung-hoon were running late.

This option is incorrect because it is a simple sentence consisting of a single independent clause, with no dependent clauses present. It fails to meet the criteria for a complex sentence.

D) Jung-hoon and Cho decreased their carbon footprint.

This option is incorrect as it is also a simple sentence. It includes only one independent clause and lacks any dependent clauses, thus not qualifying as a complex sentence.

Conclusion

Option A is definitively the correct answer as it meets the definition of a complex sentence with both an independent and a dependent clause. Options B, C, and D either do not possess the required structure of a complex sentence or contain additional clauses that disqualify them from being classified as such.