Question 31

Practices are teacher-centered and based on extrinsic motivators.

Instructional practices associated with behaviorism are characterized by a focus on observable behaviors and the use of external rewards to reinforce learning. This approach emphasizes teacher-directed instruction and rewards that motivate learners to achieve desired outcomes.

A) Practices are based on problem-solving activities in novel situations.

This option is incorrect as it reflects a constructivist approach rather than a behaviorist one. Behaviorism typically does not prioritize problem-solving in new contexts; instead, it focuses on established responses to specific stimuli.

B) Practices are based on self-directed learning, problem-solving skills, and scaffolding.

This statement aligns more closely with constructivist theories where learners take initiative in their education. Behaviorism, on the other hand, does not emphasize self-direction or problem-solving as central components of its instructional practices.

C) Practices are teacher-centered and based on extrinsic motivators.

This option accurately captures the essence of behaviorism, which is centered on structured, teacher-led instruction that utilizes external rewards (such as grades or praise) to encourage desired behaviors in students.

D) Practices are derived from what works in practical situations.

While this statement may seem applicable to various educational theories, it is too vague and does not specifically describe the characteristics of behaviorism. Behaviorism is more focused on systematic approaches and measurable outcomes rather than broad practical applications.

Conclusion

Option C is definitively the correct answer as it encapsulates the fundamental principles of behaviorism, emphasizing a structured, teacher-centered approach and the use of extrinsic motivators to shape student behavior. The other options either reflect different educational philosophies or misrepresent the behaviorist framework, making them less suitable in this context.