Question 5

Melanin protects the body from ultraviolet rays.

Melanin is a pigment found in the skin that absorbs ultraviolet (UV) radiation, thereby providing a protective barrier against the harmful effects of UV rays.

A) Keratin

Keratin is a structural protein that contributes to the strength and resilience of skin, hair, and nails. While it plays a role in forming a protective barrier, it does not specifically absorb UV radiation or provide protection against ultraviolet rays.

B) Sebum

Sebum is an oily substance produced by sebaceous glands that helps to maintain skin hydration and protect against external factors. However, it does not have the capacity to absorb UV radiation, making it ineffective in protecting against ultraviolet rays.

C) Perspiration

Perspiration, or sweat, helps regulate body temperature and can provide some minor protection against environmental factors. Nonetheless, it does not absorb UV radiation and therefore does not protect the body from ultraviolet rays.

D) Melanin

Melanin is the primary pigment responsible for skin color and is crucial in protecting the skin from UV radiation. It absorbs harmful UV rays, reducing the risk of skin damage and preventing DNA damage that can lead to skin cancer.

Conclusion

Melanin is the only substance listed that specifically protects the body from the harmful effects of ultraviolet rays by absorbing them. In contrast, keratin, sebum, and perspiration do not provide this critical protection, which underscores the importance of melanin in skin health and safety against UV exposure.