24. Which type of chemical reaction is exemplified by the following equation? 2HCl (aq) + Mg(OH)₂ (s) → 2H₂O (l) + MgCl₂ (aq)
Answer: A
Neutralization
The chemical reaction represented by the equation 2HCl (aq) + Mg(OH)₂ (s) → 2H₂O (l) + MgCl₂ (aq) is a neutralization reaction. This type of reaction occurs when an acid reacts with a base to produce water and a salt.
A) Neutralization
This option is correct because the reaction features hydrochloric acid (HCl) reacting with magnesium hydroxide (Mg(OH)₂), which is a base. The products are water (H₂O) and magnesium chloride (MgCl₂), illustrating the classic outcome of a neutralization reaction where an acid and a base form water and a salt.
B) Decomposition
Decomposition reactions involve a single compound breaking down into two or more simpler substances. This option is incorrect because the given reaction does not involve a single compound decomposing but rather the combination of an acid and a base.
C) Combustion
Combustion reactions typically involve a substance reacting with oxygen to produce heat and light, usually resulting in carbon dioxide and water. This option is incorrect as the equation does not represent a reaction involving oxygen or the release of energy in the form of heat and light.
D) Synthesis
Synthesis reactions occur when two or more reactants combine to form a single product. This option is also incorrect because the reaction is not forming a single product from multiple reactants but rather involves an acid-base reaction that yields water and a salt.
Conclusion
In summary, the correct answer is neutralization as the reaction clearly demonstrates the interaction between an acid and a base, resulting in the formation of water and a salt. Other options fail to describe the fundamental nature of the reaction, as they pertain to different types of chemical processes not represented in the given equation.