Question 66

The researcher is operationally defining a variable.

By using a personality inventory, the researcher is establishing a specific method to measure and quantify the abstract concept of personality, which is an operational definition of a variable.

A) Assigning participants randomly

Assigning participants randomly refers to the process of randomly selecting subjects for different groups in an experiment to ensure that each participant has an equal chance of being placed in any group. This option is not applicable here, as the focus is on measuring personality rather than the selection method of participants.

B) Operationally defining a variable

This option is correct because the researcher is using a personality inventory to create a clear, measurable definition of the abstract construct of personality. By operationally defining this variable, the researcher provides a specific way to assess personality traits, making it suitable for research purposes.

C) Conducting research using naturalistic observation

Naturalistic observation involves observing subjects in their natural environment without interference. This method is not relevant to the scenario described, as the researcher is using a structured personality inventory rather than observing participants in a natural setting.

D) Developing a hypothesis

Developing a hypothesis involves formulating a testable statement based on observations or theories. While this is an essential part of the research process, the scenario presented focuses on measuring personality, which is a step beyond merely stating a hypothesis.

Conclusion

The correct answer, operationally defining a variable, accurately describes the researcher's action in this context. The other options either refer to different research processes or do not apply to the use of a personality inventory, underscoring the importance of clearly defining variables in psychological research.