Question 34

An atom of oxygen with more electrons than a neutral oxygen atom is called an ion.

When an atom of oxygen has more electrons than protons, it becomes negatively charged, which is defined as an ion. Specifically, this type of ion is called an anion.

A) Isotope

An isotope refers to variations of an element that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons. This term does not apply to the situation described in the question, as it does not involve changes in the electron count.

B) Ion

An ion is formed when an atom gains or loses electrons, resulting in a charge. In this case, an atom of oxygen with more electrons than its neutral state is indeed an anion, making this option correct.

C) Both are correct

This option is incorrect because only one term accurately describes the scenario presented. While isotopes involve variations in neutrons, the question specifically pertains to electrons, making only the term "ion" applicable.

D) None of the above

This option fails as well, as it suggests that there is no correct answer among the choices. Since "ion" accurately describes an atom of oxygen with excess electrons, this option is not valid.

Conclusion

The term "ion" definitively describes an atom with a surplus of electrons, while the other options either misrepresent the situation or fail to apply. Therefore, option B is the only correct choice, as it directly correlates to the definition of an atom that has gained electrons.