Question 13

An example of an adaptation to prevent water loss in plants is a waxy epidermis.

A waxy epidermis serves as a critical adaptation that reduces water loss in plants by providing a barrier against evaporation. This protective layer helps maintain moisture within the plant, particularly in arid environments.

A) broad leaves

Broad leaves are generally designed to capture more sunlight for photosynthesis rather than to prevent water loss. While they can be beneficial in some environments, they can also increase the surface area for water evaporation, making them less effective as an adaptation to prevent water loss.

B) tree bark

Tree bark primarily serves as a protective layer against physical damage and pests rather than directly preventing water loss. Although it can provide some insulation and reduce moisture loss, its main function is not as an adaptation to minimize water evaporation.

C) waxy epidermis

The waxy epidermis is an effective adaptation that directly prevents water loss in plants by creating a hydrophobic layer on the surface of leaves and stems. This layer significantly reduces transpiration, helping plants conserve water in dry conditions, thus making it the correct answer.

D) xylem and phloem

Xylem and phloem are vascular tissues responsible for water transport and nutrient distribution within the plant. While they are essential for the plant's overall functioning, they do not specifically serve as adaptations to prevent water loss. Instead, they facilitate the movement of water, which can lead to loss if not managed.

Conclusion

The waxy epidermis is definitively the correct answer as it is specifically designed to minimize water loss through evaporation, a crucial adaptation for plants in dry environments. In contrast, the other options do not primarily serve this function, thereby failing to address the adaptation to prevent water loss effectively.