Question 15

Thermoplasma acidophilus is an example of an extremophile.

Thermoplasma acidophilus thrives in extreme environments, specifically high temperature springs and hydrothermal vents, making it a prime example of an extremophile.

A) Thermoplasma acidophilus found in high temperature springs and hydrothermal vents

This option is correct as Thermoplasma acidophilus is classified as an extremophile due to its ability to survive and grow in extreme heat and acidic conditions, characteristic of hydrothermal vents and hot springs.

B) Pseudomonas aeruginosa found in soil and water

While Pseudomonas aeruginosa is a versatile bacterium found in various environments, it is not classified as an extremophile. It prefers standard environmental conditions and does not thrive under extreme conditions like high temperatures or acidity.

C) Escherichia coli found in the intestinal tract of many animals

Escherichia coli is a common bacterium that typically resides in the intestines of animals, and it does not exhibit extremophile characteristics. It grows optimally at moderate temperatures and is not adapted to survive in extreme environments.

D) Staphylococcus epidermidus found on the skin of various mammals

Staphylococcus epidermidus is a bacterium commonly found on human skin and does not qualify as an extremophile. It thrives in typical environmental conditions and is not known for its ability to endure extreme habitats.

Conclusion

Thermoplasma acidophilus is definitively the correct answer as it exemplifies the characteristics of extremophiles by flourishing in harsh environmental conditions. In contrast, the other options represent bacteria that thrive in more standard environments, lacking the adaptations necessary to be classified as extremophiles.