Question 31

Type 1 diabetes mellitus results from the destruction of beta cells.

The destruction of beta cells in the pancreas leads to type 1 diabetes mellitus, which is characterized by the body's inability to produce insulin.

A) Alpha cells

Alpha cells are responsible for producing glucagon, which raises blood glucose levels. The destruction of alpha cells does not lead to type 1 diabetes; instead, it primarily affects glucose regulation, potentially causing hypoglycemia.

B) F cells

F cells, also known as PP cells, produce pancreatic polypeptide, which is involved in regulating pancreatic secretions. The destruction of F cells does not cause type 1 diabetes mellitus, as they do not produce insulin.

C) Beta cells

Beta cells are the specific cells in the pancreas that produce insulin. Their destruction is the defining characteristic of type 1 diabetes mellitus, leading to insufficient insulin production and resulting in elevated blood glucose levels.

D) Delta cells

Delta cells produce somatostatin, which regulates the secretion of both insulin and glucagon. While their destruction can affect hormonal balance, it does not directly cause type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Conclusion

The correct answer is C) Beta cells, as their destruction is directly responsible for the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus due to the lack of insulin production. All other options refer to pancreatic cells that do not play a direct role in insulin production, thus failing to address the core issue of this specific form of diabetes.