Question 32

Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes the acidity of chyme.

Sodium bicarbonate released by the pancreas plays a crucial role in neutralizing the acidity of chyme as it enters the small intestine from the stomach. This neutralization is essential for creating an optimal environment for enzymatic digestion.

A) Sodium bicarbonate neutralizes the acidity of chyme.

This option is correct because sodium bicarbonate acts to raise the pH of the chyme, which is highly acidic after passing through the stomach. By neutralizing this acidity, sodium bicarbonate helps protect the intestinal lining and enables digestive enzymes to function effectively.

B) Sodium bicarbonate stimulates the protease that digests carbonates.

This option is incorrect as sodium bicarbonate does not have a stimulating effect on proteases, nor is it involved in the digestion of carbonates. Its primary function is to neutralize acidity, not to act as a stimulant for digestive enzymes.

C) Sodium bicarbonate inhibits peristalsis.

This option is also incorrect. Sodium bicarbonate does not inhibit peristalsis; rather, it supports digestive processes by neutralizing acid. Peristalsis is regulated by other factors, including the nervous system and hormonal signals, and is not directly affected by sodium bicarbonate.

D) Sodium bicarbonate stimulates the protease.

This option is incorrect because sodium bicarbonate does not stimulate proteases. Instead, its main function is to neutralize stomach acid to create an environment where proteases can operate effectively, but it does not directly stimulate their activity.

Conclusion

Sodium bicarbonate's function of neutralizing the acidity of chyme is essential for proper digestive processes in the small intestine. All other options fail to accurately describe the role of sodium bicarbonate, either mischaracterizing its effects or introducing unrelated functions. Thus, the primary role of sodium bicarbonate in digestion is clearly defined and supports overall gastrointestinal health.