90. The principle that the Constitution is a 'living document' suggests that
Answer: C
Its interpretation should evolve with changing societal values.
The principle that the Constitution is a 'living document' indicates that its interpretation should adapt to reflect contemporary societal values and norms, acknowledging that the framers could not have anticipated all future changes in society.
A) its meaning should remain fixed as originally intended
This option contrasts with the idea of a 'living document.' Maintaining a fixed meaning ignores the necessity for the Constitution to adapt and respond to new circumstances and evolving societal norms, thus failing to recognize the dynamic nature of law.
B) it can be amended only by a constitutional convention
This statement is not accurate, as the Constitution can be amended through various processes, including congressional proposal and state ratification. Limiting amendments to a constitutional convention overlooks the established methods for change and does not align with the living document principle.
C) its interpretation should evolve with changing societal values
This option accurately reflects the essence of the 'living document' principle. It emphasizes the importance of interpreting the Constitution in a way that is relevant to modern society and considers current values, thereby ensuring that the Constitution remains applicable and meaningful over time.
D) it applies only to the federal government, not the states
This choice is incorrect because the Constitution applies to both the federal government and the states. The principle of a living document does not restrict its application but rather encourages its interpretation to address issues affecting all levels of government.
E) it requires unanimous consent of all states to change
This assertion is misleading as the Constitution does not require unanimous consent for amendments. While certain provisions may necessitate broader consensus, the living document principle does not hinge on such a requirement and instead focuses on the flexibility of interpretation.
Conclusion
The correct answer, C, emphasizes that the Constitution's interpretation should evolve alongside societal changes, ensuring its relevance and effectiveness. In contrast, all other options fail to acknowledge the necessity for adaptability, either by advocating for a static meaning or misrepresenting the amendment process and the Constitution's scope. The living document principle is fundamentally about flexibility and responsiveness to the needs of a changing society.