Question 38

That people can gain control over phobias.

The author emphasizes that individuals can manage and gain control over debilitating phobias through techniques such as talking, deep breathing, and visualization. This suggests a proactive approach to addressing phobias rather than succumbing to them.

A) Phobias help people to survive threats.

While the text discusses the normal reaction of fear aiding survival, it clarifies that phobias are extreme and unreasonable fears that can lead to negative health effects. Therefore, this option misrepresents the author's perspective on phobias.

B) That phobias are debilitating.

Although the text acknowledges that phobias can cause serious health issues and feelings of panic, it primarily focuses on the possibility of gaining control over them. Thus, while this statement is partially true, it does not capture the main message of empowerment conveyed by the author.

C) Phobias only happen in social settings.

This statement is incorrect as the extract highlights various types of phobias, including specific phobias related to objects and situations, as well as social phobias. Thus, this option fails to address the broader context of phobias discussed in the text.

D) That people can gain control over phobias.

This option accurately reflects the author's intent, emphasizing that through techniques like talking, deep breathing, and visualization, individuals can manage their phobias. It conveys a message of hope and empowerment, which is a crucial aspect of the author's discussion.

Conclusion

The correct answer, that people can gain control over phobias, encapsulates the author's primary message about managing these extreme fears. While other options mention aspects of phobias, they either misinterpret the context or do not focus on the empowering strategies that the author advocates. This reinforces the idea that phobias, despite their debilitating nature, can be addressed effectively.