Question 4

Dermal papillae are responsible for the formation of fingerprints.

Fingerprints are formed by the unique patterns created by dermal papillae, which are small, protruding structures located between the dermis and epidermis of the skin. These structures play a crucial role in the arrangement of the skin's surface, leading to the distinctive patterns seen in fingerprints.

A) Dermal papillae

Dermal papillae are the primary structures involved in the creation of fingerprints. They determine the patterns of ridges and grooves on the skin's surface, which are unique to each individual. The arrangement of these papillae is influenced by genetic factors, contributing to the individuality of fingerprints.

B) Merkel cells

Merkel cells are specialized skin cells that function as mechanoreceptors, aiding in the sense of touch. While they play a role in tactile sensation, they do not contribute to the actual formation of fingerprints, making this option incorrect in the context of the question.

C) Arrector pili

Arrector pili are small muscles attached to hair follicles that cause hair to stand up when contracted. They are not involved in the formation of fingerprints; instead, they relate to the physiological response of the skin, such as goosebumps. Thus, this option is also incorrect.

D) Sudoriferous glands

Sudoriferous glands, or sweat glands, are responsible for producing sweat but do not influence the formation of fingerprints. While they may leave traces on the skin that can be associated with fingerprints, they do not create the unique patterns themselves. Therefore, this option is incorrect as well.

Conclusion

The formation of fingerprints is directly attributed to the dermal papillae, which create the unique patterns that define each individual's fingerprints. Other options, such as Merkel cells, arrector pili, and sudoriferous glands, serve different functions in the skin but do not contribute to fingerprint formation. Thus, option A is definitively the correct answer.