Question 18

Epithelial tissue is characterized by cells found on the internal surface of the stomach, no extracellular matrix, tall and thin cells, and the absence of blood vessels.

Epithelial tissue forms the internal lining of organs such as the stomach, where it serves protective and absorptive functions. This type of tissue is composed of closely packed cells with minimal extracellular matrix, which aligns with the characteristics described in the question.

A) Epithelial

Epithelial tissue is indeed the correct answer because it consists of tightly packed cells with very little extracellular matrix and is avascular, meaning it lacks blood vessels. The tall and thin cells, known as columnar cells, are specifically adapted for secretion and absorption, making them ideal for the stomach's internal lining.

B) Connective

Connective tissue is incorrect as it is characterized by a significant amount of extracellular matrix and serves to support and bind other tissues. Unlike epithelial tissue, connective tissue typically contains blood vessels and is not primarily composed of tightly packed cells.

C) Muscle

Muscle tissue is not the correct option because it is specialized for contraction and movement, not for forming protective linings. Muscle cells are more spaced out and contain a significant amount of extracellular matrix, differing from the dense cell arrangement of epithelial tissue.

D) Cartilage

Cartilage is also incorrect as it is a type of connective tissue that has a gel-like extracellular matrix and is found in areas such as joints and the ribcage. It does not consist of tall and thin cells, nor does it line internal surfaces like the stomach.

Conclusion

Epithelial tissue is the only type that meets all the specified criteria, including the absence of an extensive extracellular matrix, tall and thin cell structure, and absence of blood vessels. All other options fail to meet these characteristics, confirming epithelial as the definitive answer.