11. According to the article, which statement is true?
Answer: B
James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo have discovered new relationships between certain proteins and cancer.
Their research has significantly advanced the field of cancer immunology, particularly through their work on T-cell immunotherapy which involves understanding the interactions of proteins like CTLA-4 and PD-1 with the immune system in combating cancer.
A) CTLA-4 and PD-1 are two types of cancer that have been cured by CTLA-4 and PD-1.
This statement is incorrect because CTLA-4 and PD-1 are not types of cancer; they are proteins involved in the regulation of immune responses. The extract mentions that these proteins are targets for immunotherapy, but there is no indication that they are cancer types or that they have been cured.
B) James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo have discovered new relationships between certain proteins and cancer.
This statement is correct, as the extract highlights their research on mitigating immune regulation and the importance of proteins such as CTLA-4 and PD-1 in developing immunotherapy treatments. Their findings have indeed uncovered new strategies in treating cancer.
C) James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo just recently started studying cancer.
This statement is false because the extract states that their research efforts span several decades. They have been involved in significant research in cancer immunology for a long time, not just recently.
D) All cancers have been cured by James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo's therapeutic practices.
This statement is inaccurate. The extract notes that cancer rates are declining but emphasizes that cancer remains a leading cause of death worldwide, indicating that not all cancers have been cured by their therapies.
Conclusion
The correct answer, B, accurately reflects the contributions of James P. Allison and Tasuku Honjo in understanding the roles of proteins in cancer treatment. The other options either misrepresent their research focus or incorrectly assert outcomes of their work, which are not supported by the information in the extract.