Question 2

The word "pivotal" means critical in this context.

In the sentence, the scientist's discovery is described as "pivotal," indicating that it was critical to changing the course of research. This suggests that the discovery played a significant role and was essential to the advancement of knowledge in that field.

A) Insignificant

This option is incorrect because "insignificant" implies that something is unimportant or trivial. In contrast, the use of "pivotal" suggests that the discovery had a major impact, making it the opposite of insignificant.

B) Critical

This option is correct as "pivotal" denotes something that is of crucial importance. The sentence indicates that the discovery was a turning point in research, which aligns with the definition of "critical."

C) Expected

This option is incorrect because "expected" suggests something that was anticipated or predictable. A "pivotal" discovery, by definition, is one that is surprising and transformative, not something that was foreseen.

D) Delayed

This option is incorrect as "delayed" refers to something that has been postponed or held up. The term "pivotal" does not imply any sense of timing but rather emphasizes the importance of the discovery itself.

Conclusion

The term "pivotal" clearly denotes critical importance, making option B the only accurate choice in this context. All other options fail to capture the essence of what a "pivotal" discovery entails, which is its significant role in altering the course of research.