Question 18

Grand juries hand up an indictment, or formal criminal charge.

Grand juries are tasked with reviewing evidence presented by a prosecutor to decide whether there is enough evidence to formally charge someone with a crime. This process involves handing up an indictment, which is a crucial step in the criminal justice system.

A) To determine the guilt or innocence of the accused

This option is incorrect because grand juries do not determine guilt or innocence. Their role is limited to deciding if there is sufficient evidence to warrant a formal charge, not to adjudicate the case.

B) To hand up an indictment, or formal criminal charge

This option is correct as it accurately describes the primary function of grand juries. They assess evidence and decide whether it meets the threshold for bringing formal charges against an individual, which is a foundational aspect of the legal process.

C) To recommend the sentence or penalty to be received by the accused if convicted

This option is incorrect because grand juries do not have any role in sentencing. Their function is solely to evaluate evidence and decide on indictments, while sentencing is reserved for the trial phase and is determined by a judge or jury.

D) To assist the prosecutor in the selection of the petit jury for the accused's trial on the charges

This option is also incorrect. Grand juries do not assist in jury selection for trials; their responsibilities are confined to the indictment process. Petit juries are selected at a later stage in the judicial process.

Conclusion

The correct answer is B, as it encapsulates the primary function of grand juries in the criminal justice system. All other options misrepresent the role of grand juries, which is specifically to evaluate evidence for the purpose of issuing an indictment, not to assess guilt, recommend sentences, or select trial juries.