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A tropical forest in Brazil > a temperate forest in America > a tundra in Canada

The order from hottest to coldest begins with the tropical forest in Brazil, which has a warm, humid climate. Following that is the temperate forest in America, characterized by moderate temperatures and seasonal changes, and lastly the tundra in Canada, known for its cold climate with permafrost.

A) A tropical forest in Brazil > a temperate forest in America > a tundra in Canada

This option is correct as it accurately represents the temperature gradient from the hottest biome, the tropical forest, to the coldest, the tundra. Tropical forests are typically located near the equator, experiencing high temperatures year-round, while temperate forests have milder climates, and tundras are characterized by low temperatures.

B) A coral reef in Australia > the Antarctic sea > a freshwater lake in Africa

This option is incorrect as it does not follow the temperature order. While coral reefs are warm, the Antarctic sea is much colder than both the coral reef and a freshwater lake in Africa, which is typically warmer than the Antarctic sea.

C) A temperate forest in Europe > a temperate prairie in America > a savanna in Africa

This option is also incorrect because it places the temperate forest, which is cooler, before the temperate prairie and savanna. The savanna generally has higher temperatures than both the temperate forest and prairie, disrupting the correct order from hottest to coldest.

D) The Gobi Desert in Asia > the Patagonian Desert in South America > the Sahara Desert in Africa

This option is incorrect as it does not accurately reflect the temperature order. The Sahara Desert is the hottest of the three, followed by the Gobi Desert, and then the Patagonian Desert, which is generally much cooler, especially during winter months.

Conclusion

Option A is definitively the correct answer as it logically orders the biomes from the hottest tropical forest to the coldest tundra. All other options fail to accurately represent the temperature hierarchy, either misplacing warmer biomes or incorrectly ordering the cooler ones. This illustrates the importance of understanding biome climates in ecological studies.