Question 50

Ozone depletion

The release of chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) into the atmosphere directly results in ozone depletion. This occurs because CFCs break down ozone molecules in the stratosphere, leading to a thinning of the ozone layer that protects the Earth from harmful ultraviolet radiation.

A) Acid rain

Acid rain is primarily caused by sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides, which are released from burning fossil fuels. CFCs do not contribute to this phenomenon, making this option incorrect in the context of the environmental problems caused by CFCs.

B) Deforestation

Deforestation is mainly driven by human activities such as logging, agriculture, and urbanization. While environmental degradation can be linked to various pollutants, CFCs are not a direct cause of deforestation. Therefore, this option is also incorrect.

C) Ozone depletion

Ozone depletion is indeed caused by the release of CFCs into the atmosphere. These substances release chlorine atoms when they are broken down by ultraviolet light, which then react with ozone (O3) molecules, leading to the depletion of the ozone layer, making this option the correct answer.

D) Photochemical smog

Photochemical smog results from the reaction of sunlight with pollutants such as volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxides, primarily from vehicle emissions. CFCs are not a significant contributor to this type of smog, making this option incorrect.

Conclusion

Ozone depletion is the only option that directly correlates with the environmental impact of CFCs, as these chemicals specifically contribute to the breakdown of the ozone layer. The other options—acid rain, deforestation, and photochemical smog—are associated with different pollutants or human activities, thus solidifying ozone depletion as the definitive result of CFC emissions.