Question 14

Scientists are presented as inherently logical.

In the provided extract, scientists are described as being driven by temperament and following their hunches, which suggests a more emotional or intuitive approach rather than a strictly logical one. This characterization does not support the notion of scientists being inherently logical.

A) predisposed

The term "predisposed" aligns with the description in the extract, as it implies that scientists are inclined toward certain feelings or ideas at the outset of their work. This is evident in their reliance on hunches and desires, which indicates a predisposition towards specific outcomes or beliefs.

B) determined

The scientists in the extract can be seen as determined, as they continue to pursue their initial ideas despite data suggesting they may be wrong. This determination reflects their commitment to their hunches, illustrating their persistence in the face of contrary evidence.

C) inherently logical

This option is correct because the extract highlights a contrast to logical reasoning. Scientists are portrayed as following emotional instincts rather than relying on rational, logical processes, which is why they cannot be classified as inherently logical.

D) overly zealous

The description in the extract suggests that scientists can be overly zealous in their pursuits, as they may cling to their hunches long after evidence would suggest otherwise. This passionate commitment can lead them down unproductive paths, which aligns with the notion of being overly zealous.

Conclusion

The extract emphasizes the emotional and instinctual nature of scientists during the early stages of idea development, indicating that they are predisposed and determined but not inherently logical. Option C is definitively correct as it contradicts the portrayal of scientists in the text, which clearly depicts them as driven by temperament rather than pure logic. All other options reflect characteristics that align with the extract's description.