ACCUPLACER Next Generation Reading Exams — ACCUPLACER Next Generation Reading Study Guide
Answer: A
Sentence 4 contains irrelevant information and should be deleted from the passage.
While sentence 4 discusses the edibility of certain weeds and their use in food or herbal medicine, it does not contribute to the main focus of the passage, which is the impact of weeds on crop yield and the development of herbicide resistance.
A) Sentence 4
Sentence 4 is irrelevant to the primary topic of the passage, which centers around the challenges posed by weeds to crops and the implications of herbicide use. The mention of edible weeds distracts from the discussion on how weeds compete for resources and develop resistance to glyphosate.
B) Sentence 6
Sentence 6 is pertinent to the topic as it highlights the significant impact that a single ragweed plant can have on crop yield. This information illustrates the seriousness of weed competition, reinforcing the passage's main theme of weed management in agriculture.
C) Sentence 8
Sentence 8 provides relevant context regarding the development of glyphosate-resistant crops and the associated benefits of using glyphosate for weed control. This is crucial for understanding the evolution of herbicide use and its effects on farming practices.
D) Sentence 11
Sentence 11 is relevant as it discusses the global issue of certain weed species developing resistance to glyphosate. This contributes directly to the passage's focus on the challenges that farmers face regarding weed control and the implications for crop production.
Conclusion
Sentence 4 is the only option that introduces information unrelated to the main discussion about the adverse effects of weeds on crops and herbicide resistance. All other sentences provide essential insights into the relationship between weeds and agricultural practices, which are critical for understanding the broader context of the passage.
Answer: B
Change 'show' to 'shows'
To make the sentence grammatically correct, the verb 'show' needs to be changed to 'shows' to agree with the singular noun 'poll,' which is the subject of the clause.
A) Change 'gotten' to 'got'
This option is incorrect because 'gotten' is acceptable in American English as the past participle of 'get.' The phrase 'have gotten' correctly indicates a past action that is still relevant, thus maintaining the intended meaning of the sentence.
B) Change 'show' to 'shows'
This option is correct because the subject 'poll' is singular, and therefore the verb must also be singular. Changing 'show' to 'shows' ensures subject-verb agreement, making the sentence grammatically correct.
C) Change 'support' to 'supported'
This option is incorrect as it changes the meaning of the sentence. The original sentence implies that the two-thirds of residents currently support the bike lanes, which is accurately conveyed by the present tense 'support.'
D) Change 'lanes' to 'lane'
This option is incorrect because altering 'lanes' to 'lane' changes the specificity of the statement. The context suggests multiple bike lanes are being discussed, and thus 'lanes' is the appropriate term.
Conclusion
The correct answer is option B, as changing 'show' to 'shows' resolves the grammatical error related to subject-verb agreement. All other options either misinterpret the sentence's meaning or do not address the grammatical issue at hand, underscoring the importance of maintaining consistency in number between subjects and verbs.
Answer: D
era, when
The best way to revise and combine the underlined portions is "era, when," as it effectively links the two sentences while maintaining clarity and conciseness. This option avoids unnecessary words and directly connects the time frame with the action of popularization.
A) era, this is when
This option is incorrect because the phrase "this is when" adds unnecessary verbosity to the sentence. The revision could be more concise; therefore, it does not improve the flow of the combined sentences.
B) era, then
While this option is grammatically correct, "then" may imply a chronological sequence that is not as direct as "when." It does not offer the same clarity in linking the Prohibition era to the subsequent action of popularization.
C) era, which is when
This choice is less effective because "which is when" introduces a relative clause that complicates the sentence structure. This makes the sentence longer and less direct than necessary, detracting from the clarity.
D) era, when
This option is the best choice as it succinctly connects the two ideas without adding unnecessary words. It maintains the clarity of the timeline and the connection between the era and the entrepreneur's actions.
Conclusion
Option D is the most effective revision, as it creates a clear and concise connection between the Prohibition era and Herman Lay's actions. The other options either introduce unnecessary complexity or do not maintain the direct relationship needed for clarity. Thus, D not only adheres to the principles of good writing but also enhances the overall flow of the narrative.
4. The passage refers to the 'recent biography' in order to
Answer: A
The passage refers to the 'recent biography' in order to correct a misconception about the origins of Glaspell's literary prominence.
The passage highlights that Susan Glaspell was a successful writer before her arrival in New York's Greenwich Village, emphasizing the importance of the recent biography in correcting the misconception that her prominence began only upon her entrance into that literary scene.
A) correct a misconception about the origins of Glaspell's literary prominence
This option is correct as the passage explicitly states that the recent biography emphasizes Glaspell's success prior to her time in New York. It clarifies that she had already achieved recognition and financial success as a writer, countering any misconceptions regarding the timeline of her literary prominence.
B) demonstrate that Glaspell was more well-known than other writers in the New York literary scene
This option is incorrect because the passage does not compare Glaspell's fame to that of other writers. Instead, it focuses on her early success and how it predates her notoriety in New York, without making any claims about her status relative to others in the literary scene.
C) analyze the influence that Glaspell's initial success had on her subsequent literary career
This option is incorrect as the passage does not delve into the influence of Glaspell's early success on her later career. It primarily addresses her prior achievements without linking them to her subsequent work or discussing their impact on her literary trajectory.
D) examine the reasons for the commercial success that Glaspell's writings enjoyed
This option is incorrect because the passage does not explore the reasons behind Glaspell's commercial success. It simply states that she was able to achieve success early on, but does not investigate the factors that contributed to that success.
Conclusion
The correct answer, A, is the only option that accurately reflects the passage's intent to clarify the misconceptions surrounding Glaspell's early literary career. All other options misinterpret the focus of the passage, which specifically aims to highlight her pre-existing success rather than her comparative status among peers or the reasons for her success.
Answer: C
The industrial revolution and the invention of the light bulb also contributed to the demise of segmented sleep.
The assertion that the industrial revolution and the invention of the light bulb played a role in the decline of segmented sleep effectively reinforces the writer's argument about how modern society has influenced natural sleep patterns. This context helps illustrate how external factors have forced people into a consolidated sleep schedule that may not align with their biological rhythms.
A) Although common elsewhere, napping during the workday is not generally accepted in the United States.
This option does not directly relate to the argument about sleep patterns being affected by historical changes and societal norms. While it touches on cultural attitudes toward sleep, it fails to provide evidence about the impact of the industrial revolution or artificial lighting on sleep practices.
B) Other research suggests that insomnia may be hereditary.
While hereditary factors in insomnia are relevant to understanding sleep disorders, this information does not support the argument regarding the societal and technological changes that have disrupted natural sleep patterns. It diverts focus from the historical context provided in the extract.
C) The industrial revolution and the invention of the light bulb also contributed to the demise of segmented sleep.
This option directly supports the argument by linking historical technological advancements to changes in sleep behavior. It highlights how the shift to artificial lighting and industrialized lifestyles led to a departure from natural sleep cycles, thereby validating the writer's claim about modern sleep disorders arising from enforced sleep rhythms.
D) The afternoon slump that many workers experience is partly a result of the digestion of their lunches.
This choice discusses a phenomenon related to daily energy levels rather than sleep patterns. It does not address the historical context or the effects of societal changes on the nature of sleep, making it less relevant to the writer's argument.
Conclusion
Option C is the most effective addition to the last paragraph as it connects the decline of segmented sleep to significant historical changes, thereby strengthening the writer's argument. The other options either stray from the core topic of sleep patterns or do not provide the necessary context to support the claim regarding the effects of modern life on natural sleep.
Answer: B
The team was highly eclectic.
Dr. Yuan's medical team was characterized as eclectic, indicating that it comprised various specialties and diverse experiences, which contributed to a well-rounded approach in their medical practice.
A) assiduous
While "assiduous" refers to being diligent and hardworking, it does not capture the essence of the team's composition. The question emphasizes the variety in specialties and experiences, which "assiduous" fails to address.
B) eclectic
This option is correct as "eclectic" denotes a mix of different elements, particularly from various fields. The context suggests that the team was made up of professionals with diverse backgrounds, making "eclectic" the most fitting descriptor.
C) remunerative
"Remunerative" pertains to financial gain or compensation. This term is irrelevant in the context of the team's composition and specialties, and therefore does not accurately reflect the variety mentioned in the question.
D) cohesive
Although "cohesive" implies unity and togetherness, it does not specifically highlight the diversity of specialties within the team. The term would suggest that the team works well together, but it does not capture the varied experiences that are central to the question.
Conclusion
The term "eclectic" is definitively correct as it encapsulates the idea of a team made up of individuals from various specialties and backgrounds. Other options, such as "assiduous," "remunerative," and "cohesive," either miss the mark on diversity or are unrelated to the core concept of the team's multifarious nature.
7. The descriptive language in sentences 1-4 mainly creates a sense that the garden is
Answer: C
The descriptive language in sentences 1-4 mainly creates a sense that the garden is lush and private.
The detailed depiction of the garden, with its cedar hedge and china-tree, evokes a feeling of greenery and seclusion, suggesting a lush and private space.
A) formal and unwelcoming
This option is incorrect as the language used in the extract does not suggest a formal atmosphere. The presence of natural elements like the cedar hedge and china-tree indicates a more inviting and intimate setting rather than one that is unwelcoming.
B) overgrown and shabby
This option is also incorrect since the extract does not describe the garden as overgrown or shabby. Instead, the carefully structured description of the hedge and the garden implies a well-maintained area, contributing to the overall sense of lushness.
C) lush and private
This option is correct as the extract illustrates the garden's greenery and the privacy afforded by the cedar hedge, creating an inviting and serene atmosphere. The use of words like "cedar hedge" and "china-tree" emphasizes the natural beauty and seclusion of the space.
D) modern and spare
This option is incorrect because the descriptive language utilized in the extract does not convey a sense of modernity or minimalism. The detailed, rich descriptions of the garden suggest a more traditional and abundant environment rather than a contemporary, spare one.
Conclusion
The correct answer, C) lush and private, accurately reflects the imagery presented in the extract, highlighting the greenery and intimate space of the garden. The other options fail to capture the essence of the descriptions, which favor a sense of warmth and enclosure over any notions of formality, neglect, or modernity.
8. As used in sentence 17, 'manipulating' most nearly means
Answer: B
'Manipulating' most nearly means 'using'
In this context, 'manipulating' refers to the act of skillfully handling or controlling the radio waves to communicate. Thus, it aligns closely with the meaning of 'using' as it implies the application of a technique or tool to achieve a desired outcome.
A) cheating
This option is incorrect as 'cheating' implies dishonesty or trickery, which does not relate to the act of skillfully controlling or utilizing radio waves for communication. The context suggests a legitimate and creative use of technology rather than any form of deceit.
B) using
This option is correct because 'using' captures the essence of 'manipulating' in the sense of employing the radio waves effectively to communicate across distances. It reflects the narrator's experience of actively engaging with the radio technology to send and receive messages.
C) plotting with
This choice is incorrect as 'plotting with' suggests a conspiratorial or secretive collaboration, which does not fit the context of the narrator's innocent and enthusiastic exploration of radio communication with her father. The act described is not about scheming but rather about using technology.
D) carrying out
While 'carrying out' could refer to executing a task, it lacks the nuance of skillful control implied by 'manipulating.' This option does not accurately convey the creative and interactive process of using the radio waves for communication, which is central to the narrator's experience.
Conclusion
The term 'manipulating' in this context primarily conveys the idea of 'using' the radio waves to facilitate communication, making option B the most accurate interpretation. All other options fail to capture the intended meaning, as they either imply negative connotations or lack the specific context of skillful engagement with technology.
9. Which sentence should be deleted to improve the unity of the second paragraph?
Answer: C
Sentence 5 should be deleted to improve the unity of the second paragraph.
Removing sentence 5 enhances the flow of the paragraph by allowing it to focus more directly on the historical context of bicycle lanes in New York City without introducing a sudden change in tone regarding the recent developments.
A) Sentence 3
Deleting sentence 3 would disrupt the historical timeline established in the paragraph. This sentence provides essential context about the 1970s resurgence of interest in bicycle lanes, which is crucial for understanding the evolution of bike lane policy in the city.
B) Sentence 4
Sentence 4 discusses the immediate backlash against the bike lanes constructed in the 1980s. Removing this sentence would lead to a lack of understanding of the challenges faced during that period, which is important for comprehending the overall narrative of bicycle lane development.
C) Sentence 5
Sentence 5 introduces a shift in focus by highlighting a recent change without adequately connecting it to the previous sentences. This makes it less relevant to the historical context being discussed, thus affecting the overall unity and coherence of the paragraph.
D) Sentence 6
Sentence 6 provides quantitative information about the extent of bike lane installation, which is critical for illustrating the scale of recent developments. Removing this sentence would omit important details about the current state of bike lanes in the city, weakening the paragraph's argument.
Conclusion
In conclusion, deleting sentence 5 is the most effective choice for improving the paragraph's unity, as it disrupts the historical narrative without adding relevant context. Other options, while they could be removed, serve to enhance the understanding of the challenges and developments surrounding bicycle lane policies in New York City. Maintaining a clear historical perspective is essential for the overall coherence of the paragraph.
10. The narrator primarily portrays the woman she is observing as someone who is:
Answer: B
The narrator primarily portrays the woman she is observing as someone who is imposing and dignified.
The woman is depicted with a sense of grandeur and strength, standing tall against the elements, which conveys an imposing presence. Her pride and confidence are highlighted through the narrator's observations, suggesting a dignified character that commands respect.
A) modest and self-effacing
While the woman does exhibit some modesty by adjusting her head wrap, the overall portrayal is one of strength and dignity rather than self-effacement. The narrator emphasizes her commanding presence, which contrasts sharply with the notion of modesty.
B) imposing and dignified
This option accurately reflects the narrator's description of the woman. She is portrayed as a figure of strength, with the imagery of her standing erect despite the rain and her pride in her heritage, which makes her appear imposing. The narrator's admiration for her resilience and the way she carries herself reinforces her dignity.
C) youthful and energetic
Though the woman may possess energy, the portrayal lacks a focus on youthfulness. Instead, the description leans towards a mature dignity that comes from experience and strength rather than youthful exuberance.
D) angry and impatient
The portrayal of the woman does not suggest anger or impatience. Instead, she is depicted as calm and composed, standing against the harsh weather with pride. This option misinterprets the narrator’s admiration for her resilience and dignity.
Conclusion
The portrayal of the woman as imposing and dignified is supported by the vivid imagery and the narrator's emotional response to her presence. All other options fail to capture the essence of her character, as they either misinterpret her qualities or emphasize traits that are not evident in the provided context. The woman's strength and dignity stand out clearly, marking her as a formidable figure in the narrator's eyes.