Question 17

The author of Passage 2 refers to "biomedical scientists" in order to draw a parallel.

The mention of "biomedical scientists" serves to create a comparison between environmental scientists and their counterparts in the medical field, illustrating that both can diagnose problems and recommend solutions without facing accusations of advocacy.

A) discuss a finding

This option is incorrect because the author does not present a specific finding related to biomedical scientists. Instead, the reference is used to compare practices and perceptions between fields rather than to discuss particular research outcomes.

B) cite an exception

This choice is not applicable, as the author does not suggest that biomedical scientists are an exception to a rule; rather, the focus is on the similarity in how both types of scientists engage with public issues and advocate for solutions.

C) draw a parallel

This option is correct because the author highlights the commonality between environmental scientists and biomedical scientists in their roles as informers and advocates. By drawing this parallel, the author reinforces the argument that advocacy in science can be ethical and beneficial.

D) acknowledge a counterargument

While the author does present differing views on advocacy, referencing biomedical scientists does not specifically address a counterargument. Instead, it supports the author's position by showing that advocacy can be acceptable in scientific discourse.

Conclusion

The correct answer is C) draw a parallel, as the author uses the example of biomedical scientists to highlight the legitimacy of advocacy in science. Other options fail to capture the intent behind the reference, which is to underscore similarities in how both fields approach public health and environmental issues. This comparison strengthens the author's argument for the ethical role of scientists as advocates.